Imigangatho yeSizwe yeeTerminali zeMigqomo evulekileyo kunye neeTerminali ezicinezelwe ngokubandayo eziphantsi kweVolthi: Isikhokelo esipheleleyo

Icandelo 1: Ukuqonda Amagama – Silawula Ntoni?

Ngaphambi kokuba uhlolisise imigangatho ethile, kubalulekile ukucacisa isigama:

IiTerminali ze-Open-Barrel:Ezi zii-crimp terminals ezibonakala nge-barrel engavalwanga ngokupheleleyo, edla ngokwenziwa nge-sheet metal enothungo. Zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwizicelo zentambo ngokubanzi, iiphaneli zolawulo, kunye nezixhobo. Imizekelo eqhelekileyo ibandakanya Isiphelo seRingii-s, ii-terminals ze-spade, kunye nezihlanganisi ze-butt.

IiTerminali ezicinezelwe ngokubandayo ezineVolthi ephantsi:Olu didi lubanzi luquka zonke iiterminal ezenzelwe ukusetyenziswa kwe-low-voltage (ngesiqhelo ukuya kuthi ga kwi-1,000V AC okanye i-1,500V DC) ezincamathiselwe kwii-conductors ngokucinezela ngokubandayo (ukukrwela) endaweni yokutshiza. Oku kuquka zombini iintlobo ezigqunyiweyo kunye nezingena-insulation, kunye neentlobo ezinzima. Intambo yekhebulas.

Isakhelo seMigangatho yeSizwe esiPhambili:

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Icandelo lesi-2: Umgangatho oPhambili weeBloko zeTerminal – GB/T 14048.7-2016

Isishwankathelo kunye noMda

GB/T 14048.7-2016, "Iswitshi ye-voltage ephantsi kunye ne-controlgear - Icandelo 7-1: Izixhobo ezincedisayo - Iibhloko zesiphelo sendlela zabaqhubi be-copper,"yimigangatho esisiseko elawula iibhloko zesiphelo ezisetyenziswa kwizicelo zoshishino nakwezinye ezifanayoLo mgangatho, owaqala ukusebenza nge-1 kaSeptemba 2016, uthatha indawo yohlobo lwangaphambili lwe-GB/T 14048.7-2006.

Izibonelelo eziphambili

1. Uvavanyo lweVoltage kunye noLwangoku:

• Isebenza kwiisekethe ezinee-voltage ezilinganisiweyoI-AC engadluli kwi-1,000V(i-frequency ukuya kuthi ga kwi-1,000 Hz) okanyeI-DC engadluli kwi-1,500V 

• Igubungela ii-conductors ezineendawo ezinqamlezileyo ukusuka0.2 mm² ukuya kuthi ga kwi-300 mm²(AWG 24 ukuya kwi-600 kcmil)

2. Iintlobo zoQhagamshelo:

• Iidilesi zombiniintambo (uhlobo lwe-screw)kwayeengafakwanga ntambo (i-spring-clamp, i-push-in)iibhloko zesiphelo

• Isebenza kwiiterminals ezamkela ii-copper conductors ezijikelezileyo, nokuba zilungiselelwe ngokukodwa (umz., ngee-ferrules) okanye azilungiselelwanga

3. Iimfuno Zokusebenza:

• Ukunyuka kobushushu:Iibhloko zesiphelo kufuneka zivavanywe ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukunyuka kobushushu akudluli kwimida emiselweyo phantsi kweemeko zangoku ezilinganisiweyo.

• Iipropati zeDielectric:Kufuneka imelane novavanyo oluthile lwe-dielectric voltage olusekwe kwi-insulation voltage elinganisiweyo

• Ixesha elifutshane lokumelana namanje:IiTerminali mazimelane nombane oqikelelweyo wexesha elifutshane wemizuzwana e-1, olingana no120A nge mm² nganyeyecandelo elinqamlezileyo lomqhubi

• Ukuhla kweVolthi:Ukuhla kwevolthi eveliswayo xa kufakwa umqhubi akufuneki kudlule amaxabiso athile

• Uvavanyo lokwaluphala (kwiintlobo ezingenamisonto):I-spring-clamp kunye nezinye ii-terminals ezifanayo kufuneka zimelaneImijikelo yobushushu engama-200ngaphandle kokuwohloka kokusebenza

Ulungelelwaniso lwaMazwe ngaMazwe

I-GB/T 14048.7-2016 yi-ukwamkelwa okulungisiweyo kwe-IEC 60947-7-1:2009, ukuqinisekisa ukuhambelana nezenzo zamazwe ngamazwe ngelixa kwamkelwa iimfuno ezithile zaseTshayina.

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Icandelo 3: Umgangatho oPhambili weeCable Lugs – GB/T 14315-2008

Isishwankathelo kunye noMda

GB/T 14315-2008, "Ii-terminal lugs kunye nee-ferrules zohlobo lokucinezelwa ezine-copper okanye i-aluminium kwiikhombisi zeentambo zombane,"ngumgangatho obalulekileyo kwiitheminali zekhebula ezinzima ezisetyenziswa kwizicelo zamandlaLo mgangatho, oqale ukusebenza nge-1 ka-Okthobha ka-2009, uthatha indawo yohlobo luka-1993.

Izibonelelo eziphambili

1. Ubungakanani beVoltage kunye neSicelo:

• Isebenza kwiiterminals zeentambo zombane ezilinganiselwe ukuya kuthi ga kwi35kV (Um=40.5kV) 

• Igubungela ii-terminals zotshintsho lwe-copper, i-aluminium, kunye ne-copper-aluminium

• Ibandakanya zombini iiterminals kunye neetyhubhu zokudibanisa (iiferrules)

2. Uluhlu lobungakanani bomqhubi:

• Yandiswa kuhlaziyo luka-2008 ukuze igubungele abaqhubi ukuya kuthi ga630 mm² 

• Ibandakanya iimfuno ezihambelanayo zobukhulu ngabunye

3. Iintlobo zeMveliso:

• I-DT (IiTerminali zobhedu):Kwabaqhubi bekopolo

• I-DL (IiTerminali zeAluminiyam):Kwabaqhubi be-aluminium

• I-DTL (IiTerminali zoTshintsho lweCopper-Aluminium):Ukudibanisa ii-conductor ze-aluminium kwizixhobo zobhedu

• Iintlobo "zeoyile etywiniweyo":Iiterminals ezikhethekileyo ezenzelwe ukuthintela ukuvuza kweoyile kwizixhobo ezizaliswe yioyile

4. Iimfuno zezinto eziphathekayo:

• Ubhedu kufunekaubhedu olungekho ngaphantsi kweNombolo 3 (T3)ngokwe-GB/T 5231

• Izinto zobhedu mazihambelane namacandelo afanelekileyo e-GB/T 4423-2007 kwisitokhwe sentonga

• Izinto ze-aluminium mazihlangabezane nemigangatho ehambelanayo

5. Unyango Lomphezulu:

• IiTerminali mazibei-annealedngaphambi konyango lomphezulu, ngobunzima emva kokufakelwaI-HB ≤ 62 

• Ukugquma ngetinkuyimfuneko, apho uboya bufana ngombala, buhlala bufana, kwaye abuxobuli

• Imiphezulu yangaphakathi neyangaphandle mayibe bushelelezi kwaye icoceke,ayinazo iziqwenga, imifantu, imiphetho ebukhali, okanye imigobo 

• Iipleyiti zesiphelo kufuneka zibe zithe tyaba

6. Iinkcukacha zoBume:

• Umgangatho ubonelela ngeetafile ezinobukhulu obuneenkcukacha zohlobo ngalunye lwesiphelo kunye nobukhulu

• Ubukhulu obubalulekileyo buquka:

  • Ububanzi bomngxuma (bokudibanisa ibholiti)

  • Ububanzi bangaphakathi bebhareli (bokufakelwa komqhubi)

  • Ubude bebhareli

  • Ubude obupheleleyo

  • Ububanzi kunye nobukhulu bepleyiti yesiphelo

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Icandelo 4: Imigangatho Eyongezelelekileyo Efanelekileyo

GB/T 2317-2008 – IiTerminali zoXinzelelo lweNsimbi

Lo mgangatho usebenza kwiiterminal zentsimbi kwizicelo ezifikelela kwi1000V kunye ne-320AIcacisa:

• Iintlobo kunye nobukhulu

• Izixhobo kunye neemfuno zokukrwela

• Iindlela zokufaka

• Iinkqubo zovavanyo lokusebenza koomatshini, umbane, kunye nokugqwala

GB/T 26317-2010 – Iiterminal zoxinzelelo lwe-aluminium alloy

Kwii-terminals ze-aluminium alloy ukuya kuthi ga kwi1000V kunye ne-630A, lo mgangatho ubonelela:

• Iinkcukacha zobukhulu

• Iimfuno zezinto eziphathekayo eziphathelele ii-aluminium alloys

• Iimfuno zezixhobo zokuqhobosha

• Iindlela zovavanyo lokusebenza

JB/T 10045-1999 – Iintambo ezifakwe i-insulation

Lo mgangatho weshishini ugubungela ii-insulated compression cable joints ze-voltage ukuya kuthi ga kwi-35kV kunye nemisinga ukuya kuthi ga kwi-1000A, ebhekisa ku:

• Iintlobo kunye nobukhulu bamalungu

• Iinkcukacha zezinto ezibonakalayo

• Iimfuneko zokufakelwa

• Iindlela zovavanyo

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Icandelo 5: Iinkcukacha zezinto kunye neempawu zoMgangatho

Iimfuno zeCopper Material

Ngokwemigangatho efanelekileyo kunye neendlela zokusebenza kushishino, iiterminals ezisemgangathweni kufuneka:

1. Sebenzisa ubhedu olucocekileyo kakhulu:Ubuncinane i-No. 3 copper (T3) kwi-GB/T 5231 nganye, kunye nee-grades eziphezulu (T2, TU2) ezikhethwayo kwizicelo ezibalulekileyo

2. Iinkcukacha zoBulukhuni:Ubhedu olufakwe kakuhle olunobunzima obufana ne-HB ≤ 62 luqinisekisa ukuba luthambile ngokwaneleyo ukuze luqhekeke ngaphandle kokuqhekeka

3. Yiba nePlating eyaneleyo:Ukufakwa kwetin kufuneka kube:

   • Iyunifomu ngobukhulu nenkangeleko

   • Ayinazo iindawo ezingenanto, imingxunya, okanye ukuxobuka

   • Kwanele ukubonelela ngokhuseleko lokugqwala ixesha elide

Ukunyamezelana Okunemilinganiselo

Iiterminals ezisemgangathweni kufuneka zigcine ukunyamezelana okuchanekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba:

• Ukulingana ngokufanelekileyo neegeyiji zentambo ezichaziweyo

• Ukuhambelana nezixhobo eziqhelekileyo zokukrwela

• Ukudibana ngokuchanekileyo nezixhobo zesiphelo

• Ukusebenza ngokuqhubekayo kwiibhetshi zemveliso

Iimfuneko zokugqiba umphezulu

Imigangatho iyalela ukuba iiterminal zibe:

• Ayinazo iibherrs, imiphetho ebukhali, kunye neeprotrusions

• Buthambile ngaphakathi nangaphandle ukuthintela umonakalo kumqhubi

• Iflethi kwiipleyiti zesiphelo ukuze kube noxinzelelo olulinganayo loqhagamshelwano

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Icandelo 6: Iimfuno zoVavanyo loKusebenza

Iimvavanyo zohlobo ezifunekayo ngokweMigangatho

Uvavanyo oluQhelekileyo

Ukuqinisekisa umgangatho wemveliso, abavelisi badla ngokwenza oku kulandelayo:

• Ukuhlolwa okubonakalayo (100%)

• Isampuli yobukhulu

• Isampuli yamandla okutsalwa

• Ukuqinisekiswa kobukhulu beplati

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Icandelo 7: Impembelelo kubavelisi nakubasebenzisi

Kwabavelisi

Ukuthobela imigangatho yesizwe akubalulekanga—kubalulekile ukuze:

• Ukufikelela kwiMarike:Iiprojekthi ezininzi kunye neethenda zifuna iimveliso eziqinisekisiweyo

• Ukuthobela imithetho:Ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokhuseleko eziyimfuneko

• Ukuzithemba kwabathengi:Ukubonisa ukuzinikela kumgangatho

• Amandla okuthumela ngaphandle:Ukuhambelana nemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe kwenza kube lula urhwebo lwehlabathi

Abavelisi abasemgangathweni abafana neGaopeng Electric:

• Gcina isiqinisekiso semigangatho efanelekileyo ye-GB/T

• Sebenzisa iinkqubo zokulawula umgangatho ezingqongqo

• Nika amaxwebhu okuthobela umthetho xa uceliwe

• Hlala ujonge uhlaziyo olusemgangathweni kunye nohlaziyo

Phawula:I-GB/T 14315-2008 okwangoku iphantsi kohlaziyo, kwaye idrafti yomgangatho (20252227-T-604) ilungiselelwa ukusukela ngo-2025.Abavelisi kufuneka bahlale benolwazi ngotshintsho oluzayo.

Kubasebenzisi kunye neeNkcukacha

Ukuqonda imigangatho efanelekileyo kukunika amandla oku:

• Cacisa ngokuchanekileyo:Qinisekisa ukuba iinkcukacha zokuthenga zibhekisa kwimigangatho efanelekileyo

• Qinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemithetho:Cela amaxwebhu esiqinisekiso kubaboneleli

• Qinisekisa ukhuseleko:Sebenzisa iimveliso ezihlangabezana neemfuno zokhuseleko ezimiselweyo

• Ziphephe Izinto Zobuxoki:Qaphela ukuba iimveliso ezingathobeliyo imithetho zihlala zingenazo iziqinisekiso ezifanelekileyo

Imibuzo ephambili ekufuneka uyibuze ababoneleli:

• Yeyiphi imigangatho ye-GB/T elandelwa ziimveliso zakho?

• Ngaba ungabonelela ngeengxelo zovavanyo okanye amaxwebhu esiqinisekiso?

• Ngaba iimveliso zakho zilandelelwa kwiziqinisekiso zezinto eziluhlaza?

• Ngaba nihlala nivavanya umgangatho rhoqo?

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Icandelo 8: Iingcamango Ezingachanekanga Neengcaciso Eziqhelekileyo

Ingcamango ephosakeleyo 1: "Zonke iiterminals ziyafana, ngoko ke imigangatho ayibalulekanga."

Inyani:Iitheminali ezibonakala zifana zinokuba nomgangatho wezinto ezibonakalayo owahlukileyo kakhulu, ubukhulu beplati, ukuchaneka kobukhulu, kunye neempawu zokusebenza. Imigangatho ichaza iimfuno ezisisiseko zokhuseleko kunye nokuthembeka.

Ingcamango ephosakeleyo 2: "Imigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe yanele; imigangatho yesizwe ayinyanzelekanga."

Inyani:Kwiimveliso ezithengiswayo okanye ezisetyenziswa eTshayina, ukuthobela imigangatho ye-GB/T kudla ngokuba yimfuneko. Iiprojekthi ezininzi zifuna ngokucacileyo ukuthobela i-GB/T.

Ingcamango ephosakeleyo 3: "Isiqinisekiso siphepha nje."

Inyani:Isiqinisekiso esifanelekileyo sifuna uvavanyo lokwenyani lwemveliso kunye nolawulo lomgangatho oluqhubekayo. Sibonelela ngokuqinisekiswa okuzimeleyo kwamabango okusebenza.

Ingcamango engeyiyo 4: "Imigangatho emidala isamkeleka."

Inyani:Imigangatho iyatshintsha ukuze ibonise iimfuno zobuchwepheshe kunye nokhuseleko eziphuculweyo. Ukusebenzisa imigangatho ephelelwe lixesha kunokuthetha ukuba akukho zihlaziyo zibalulekileyo (umz., uluhlu lobukhulu olwandisiweyo lwe-GB/T 14315-2008 kunye nokongeza iintlobo ezintsha zeemveliso xa kuthelekiswa nohlobo luka-1993).

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Icandelo 9: Ukuzibophelela kweGaopeng Electric ekuthobeleni iMigangatho

E-IYueqing Gaopeng Electric Co., Ltd., siyaqonda ukuba ukuthobela imigangatho yesizwe sisiseko somgangatho wemveliso kunye nokuthenjwa kwabathengi. Ukuzinikela kwethu kuquka oku kulandelayo:

Uyilo kunye noBunjineli

• Zonke iimveliso ezenzelwe ukuhlangabezana okanye ukudlula imigangatho efanelekileyo ye-GB/T

• Uhlolo oluqhelekileyo lohlaziyo oluqhelekileyo kunye nohlaziyo

• Iqela lobunjineli elinolwazi olunzulu ngeemfuno ezisemgangathweni

Ukukhetha Izinto

• Ukuhlolwa kwezinto ezingenayo ngokungqongqo

• Ukusetyenziswa kwekhopha eqinisekisiweyo ehlangabezana neemfuno ze-T3 okanye ukudlula iimfuno ze-T3

• Ubungakanani kunye nomgangatho weplating oqinisekisiweyo

Umgangatho woMveliso

• Inkqubo yolawulo lomgangatho we-ISO 9001

• Ukuhlolwa komgangatho wenkqubo

• Uhlolo lokugqibela ngokuthelekisa neemfuno ezisemgangathweni

• Ukuqinisekiswa kobukhulu kusetyenziswa izixhobo ezilinganisiweyo

Uvavanyo kunye neSatifikethi

• Uvavanyo lwemveliso rhoqo ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemithetho

• Ukugcinwa kwamaxwebhu esiqinisekiso

• Ukufumaneka kweengxelo zovavanyo xa ziceliwe

Uphuculo oluqhubekayo

• Ukubeka esweni iinkqubo zohlaziyo oluqhelekileyo (umz., uhlaziyo oluzayo lwe-GB/T 14315)

• Ukulungiselela iimfuno ezintsha

• Utyalo-mali kwizakhono zovavanyo ezihlaziyiweyo

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Isiphelo: Imigangatho njengeSiseko soKuthembeka

Imigangatho yesizwe yeeterminals zemigqomo evulekileyo kunye neeterminals ezicinezelwe ngokubandayo ezine-voltage ephantsi—ngokuyintlokoGB/T 14048.7-2016kwiibhloko zesiphelo kunyeGB/T 14315-2008kwiintambo zekhebula zombane—zimisela iimfuno ezibalulekileyo zokhuseleko, ukusebenza, kunye nokuthembeka. Le migangatho, ehambelana nemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe ngokwamkelwa kwe-IEC, ibonelela:

• Iinkcukacha ezicacileyo zezinto kunye nobukhulu

• Iimfuno zokusebenza ezichaziweyo kunye neendlela zovavanyo

• Ukuqinisekiswa komgangatho wemveliso kunye nokungaguquguquki

• Ulwimi oluqhelekileyo kubavelisi kunye nabasebenzisi

Kubavelisi, ukuthobela imithetho luxanduva olungenakuxoxiswana ngalo. Kubasebenzisi, ukuqonda le migangatho kwenza ukuba kwenziwe izigqibo zokuthenga ezinolwazi kunye nokuzithemba ekuthembekeni kwenkqubo.

E-IYueqing Gaopeng Electric Co., Ltd., sakha iimveliso zethu ukuze zihlangabezane nale migangatho ingqongqo, siqinisekisa ukuba yonke i-terminal esiyihambisayo isebenza njengoko bekucetyiwe—ngokukhuselekileyo, ngokuthembekileyo, nangexesha elide. Simema abathengi bethu ukuba babuze malunga namaxwebhu ethu okuqinisekisa, iingxelo zovavanyo, kunye neenkqubo zomgangatho.

Yakha ngokuzithemba. Cacisa ngolwazi. Themba iGaopeng ukuze ufumane imigangatho-umgangatho ohambelanayo.

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Ukuze ufumane ulwazi oluneenkcukacha ngemigangatho ethile, amaxwebhu esiqinisekiso, okanye iinkcukacha zemveliso, nceda unxibelelane neqela lethu lokuthengisa lobuchwephesha. Silapha ukuxhasa iimfuno zakho ngobuchule kunye neemveliso ezisemgangathweni.